Occupational Burnout and its Related Factors among Health Care Center Staff in Babol

Authors

Abstract

Background: The staff of health care centers are prone to occupational burnout due to their overwhelming workload, the lack of scientific and professional promotion, along with their sensitive responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine occupational burnout and its related factors among the staff of health care centers in Babol, in 2016.
 
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 210 employees of health care centers were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using demographic data and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which included occupational burnout in three dimensions of emotional analysis, depersonalization, and a sense of reduction in individual success. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analytical tests in SPSS 22 with a significant level of 0.05.
 
Results: Results showed that 46 employees (22.2%) had high emotional exhaustion, and 55 (26.6%) had high depersonalization. None of the respondents felt low personal accomplishment. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization had a significant inverse relation with the staff's educational level (P=0.005 and P=0.004, respectively). There was a significant direct correlation between emotional exhaustion with work experience (P=0.003), and type of employment (P=0.048); and also between depersonalization with work experience (P=0.001) and type of employment (P=0.013).
 
Conclusion: Given the presence of burnout components among staff, proper human resources management is recommended to improve morale and motivation and provide a favorable work environment with financial support for all staff.

 

Keywords


1. Salvagioni DAJ, Melanda FN, Mesas AE, Gonzalez AD, Gabani FL, Andrade SM. Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies. PLoS One 2017;12(10):e0185781. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185781. 2. Maslach C, Jackson SE. The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior 1981;2(2):99–113. doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205 3. Khamisa N, Oldenburg B, Peltzer K, Ilic D. Work related stress, burnout, job satisfaction and general health of nurses. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015;12(1):652-66. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120100652. 4. Garrosa E, Rainho C, Moreno-Jimenez B, Monteiro MJ. The relationship between job stressors, hardy personality, coping resources and burnout in a sample of nurses: a correlational study at two time points. Int J Nurs Stud 2010;47(2):205-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.05.014. 5. Brand S, Beck J, Hatzinger M, Harbaugh A, Ruch W, Holsboer-Trachsler E. Associations between satisfaction with life, burnout-related emotional and physical exhaustion, and sleep complaints. World J Biol Psychiatry 2010;11(5):744-54. doi: 10.3109/15622971003624205. 6. Ahola K, Honkonen T, Isometsa E, Kalimo R, Nykyri E, Aromaa A, et al. The relationship between job-related burnout and depressive disorders--results from the Finnish Health 2000 Study. J Affect Disord 2005;88(1):55-62. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2005.06.004 7. Luo H, Yang H, Xu X, Yun L, Chen R, Chen Y, et al. Relationship between occupational stress and job burnout among rural-to-urban migrant workers in Dongguan, China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2016;6(8):e012597. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012597 8. Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52:397-422. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 9. Maslach C, Leiter MP. Understanding the burnout experience: recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry 2016;15(2):103-11. doi: 10.1002/wps.20311. 10. Tarcan M, Hikmet N, Schooley B, Top M, Tarcan GY. An analysis of the relationship between burnout, socio-demographic and workplace factors and job satisfaction among emergency department health professionals. Appl Nurs Res 2017;34:40-47. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.02.011. 11. Gibson D. The gaps in the gaze in South African hospitals. Soc Sci Med 2004;59(10):2013-24. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.03.006 12. Jaracz M, Rosiak I, Bertrand-Bucinska A, Jaskulski M, Niezurawska J, Borkowska A. Affective temperament, job stress and professional burnout in nurses and civil servants. PLoS One 2017;12(6):e0176698. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176698. 13. Demir A, Ulusoy M, Ulusoy MF. Investigation of factors influencing burnout levels in the professional and private lives of nurses. Int J Nurs Stud 2003;40(8):807-27. doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00077-4 14. Salahian A, Oreizi HR, Babamiri M, Asgari A. The predictor factors of burnout syndrome in Isfahan nurses. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research 2012;6(23):23-31. [In Persian] 15. Kendrick P. Comparing the effects of stress and relationship style on student and practicing nurse anesthetists. AANA J 2000(68):15-22. 16. Linzer M, Visser MR, Oort FJ, Smets EM, McMurray JE, de Haes HC. Predicting and preventing physician burnout: results from the United States and the Netherlands. Am J Med 2001;111(2):170-5. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00814-2 17. Bergner T. Burn-out bei Arzten- Lebensaufgabe statt Lebens-Aufgabe. Dtsch Arztebl 2004; 101(33):2232-5. 18. Grau-Alberola E, Gil-Monte PR, Garcia-Juesas JA, Figueiredo-Ferraz H. Incidence of burnout in Spanish nursing professionals: a longitudinal study. Int J Nurs Stud 2010;47(8):1013-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.12.022. 19. Hulsheger UR, Alberts HJ, Feinholdt A, Lang JW. Benefits of mindfulness at work: the role of mindfulness in emotion regulation, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. J Appl Psychol 2013;98(2):310-25. doi: 10.1037/a0031313. 20. Luken M, Sammons A. systematic review of mindfulness practice for reducing job burnout. Am J Occup Ther 2016;70(2):7002250020p1-7002250020p10. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2016.016956. 21. Dashti S, Faradmal J, Soheili Zad M, Shahrabadi R, Salehiniya H. Survey of factors associated with burnout among health care staffs in Hamadan County in year 2012. Pajouhan Scientific Journal 2014;13(1):1-8. [In Persian] 22. Gharagozlou F, Kalantari R, Salimi N, Bakhshi E, Ezati E. The frequency and intensity of job burnout and its determinants in first level healthcare employees in Islamabad- e Gharb in 2015. Health Develop J 2018;7(2):121-30. [In Persian] 23. Hafeznia MR. Introduction to Research method in Human Sciences. Tehran: Samt; 2002. Persian 24. Filian A. The prevalence of depression and its relationship with job coping methods used by nurses [dissertation]. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University; 2010. [In Persian] 25. Esfandiari G. survey of the rate of occupational burnout between nursing staff of Sanandaj hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2001. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2001;6(1):31-5. [In Persian] 26. Verdon M, Merlani P, Perneger T, Ricou B. Burnout in a surgical ICU team. Intensive Care Med 2008;34(1):152-6. doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0907-5 27. Martins AE, Davenport MC, Del Valle MP, Di Lalla S, Dominguez P, Ormando L, et al. Impact of a brief intervention on the burnout levels of pediatric residents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2011;87(6):493-8. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2127. 28. Garrosa E, Moreno-Jimenez B, Liang Y, Gonzalez JL. The relationship between socio-demographic variables, job stressors, burnout, and hardy personality in nurses: an exploratory study. Int J Nurs Stud 2008;45(3):418-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.09.003 29. Aziz Nejad P, Hosseini SJ. Occupational burnout and its causes among practicing nurses in hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2004. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 2006;8(2):63-9. [In Persian] 30. Yousefy AR, Ghassemi GR. Job burnout in psychiatric and medical nurses in Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2006;12(5):662-9. 31. Pálfiné SI. The characteristics of nurses’ and caregivers’ behaviour in different clinical settings with special attention to burnout syndrome. Orv Hetil 2008;149(31):1463-9. Hungarian doi: 10.1556/OH.2008.28370. 32. Tuesca-Molina R, Urdaneta MI, Lafaurie MS, Torres GV, Serpa DV. Burn Out syndrome in nurses of the metropolitan area of Barranquilla. Salud Uninorte 2006; 22(2). 33. Kluger MT, Townend K, Laidlaw T. Job satisfaction, stress and burnout in Australian specialist anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2003;58(4):339-45. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03085.x 34. Talaei A, Mohammadnezhad M, Samari AA. Burnout in staffs of health care centers in Mashhad. The Quarterly Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health 2007;9(35-36):133-42. [In Persian] 35. Talaei A, Mokhber N, MohammadNejad M, Samari AA. Burnout and its related factors in staffs of university hospitals in Mashhad in 2006. Koomesh 2008;9(3):237-46. [In Persian] 36. Qari Alavijeh A, Arab M, Kheiri S, Akbari sari A, Asgari Moqadam M, Mohammadi G, et al. Job burnout and some of its risk factors on the health workers (Behvarz) in Koohrang County, I.R.Iran, in 2010. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2012;14(3):62-71. [In Persian] 37. Torabi Parizi M, Eskandarizadeh A, Karimi Afshar M, Asadi Shekaari M, Jangjoo A. The frequency of job burnout among dentists of Kerman city. Health Develop J 2014; 3(4):333-40. [In Persian] 38. Najafi M, Solati Dehkordi K, Forouzbakhsh F. Relationship between staff burnout and mental health in staff of nuclear energy organization, Isfahan. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2000;2(2):34-41. [In Persian] 39. Sotodeh Asl N, Bakhtiari AH. Occupational exhaustion and its related factors in nurses and midwives of Semnan University of Medical Sciences. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2006;11(1):77-83. [In Persian] 40. Safi MH, Mohamadi F, Amouzadeh I, Arshi SH. The relationship between managers’ leadership style with job satisfaction and burnout in staff of shomal health center of Tehran. Community Health 2015; 2(2):88-97. [In Persian] 41. Karami Ajdari P, Aeenparast A, Masoudi Asl I. Burnout among nurses in selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Payesh 2017;16(5):595-603. [In Persian]